美国商业方面本科课程作业代写说明-the american dream

美国本科课程essay代写要求说明-the american dream（关于美国梦）

 
说明：请从下列问题中选择一个作答。请根据阅读材料、课堂讨论和电影观看内容，以标准论文格式完成作答。

Instructions: Choose and answer one of the following questions. Answer question in full length standard essay format based upon readings, in-class discussions and film screenings. 

Format
Guidelines: Each answer must be 5-6 pages double spaces. Finals must be double-spaced. Font: Times New Roman, 12 point. 1 inch margins on all sides. 5 points will be deducted from every paper that does not follow these formatting guidelines.  

格式：每个答案必须是5-6页双空间。决赛必须双倍行距。字体：宋体，12点。四周的1英寸的利润。5分将从每一文不遵循这些格式指南中扣除。

Headings must appear as follows:

 标题必须按以下格式显示：

Name

American Pluralism Final

Time of Class (2:00 or 4:00)

 姓名

美国多元主义期末考试 上课时间（下午 2:00 或 4:00）

Please do not include person number, date, email address, title or any other information.

 请勿包含人员编号、日期、电子邮件地址、职称或任何其他信息。

Research and Citations: You are not required to do outside research for this exam. All of the information required can be found in your course reader and you are primarily expected to use the readings on the syllabus, documentaries/video-clips shown in class and in-class discussions as your sources. However, because of the nature of the assignment, many of you may find it beneficial to do outside research. There is no shortage of material related to the topics we have covered in class and I encourage you do spend some time researching and finding external sources that could strengthen the essay question you are answering.
究和引用：你不需要做这项考试的外部研究。所有所需的信息，可以在你的课程的读者发现和你主要是希望使用的阅读教学大纲，纪录片/视频剪辑显示在课堂上和课堂讨论你的来源。然而，由于任务的性质，很多人可能觉得这样做是有益的外部研究。不存在短缺的材料，我们在课堂上所涉及的主题相关，我鼓励你花一些时间研究和寻找外部资源，增强文章的问题你回答。

For the final, I am requiring that you include a bibliography with at least 3 SOURCES AND 3 IN-TEXT CITATIONS. 

 期末考试要求你提交一份参考书目，其中至少包含 3 个来源和 3 个文中引用。

The bibliography and citations must be in standard APA or MLA formatting style. Each paper that does not follow these guidelines will be deducted 3 points.  

 参考文献和引文必须采用标准的APA或MLA格式。每篇不符合这些规定的论文将被扣除3分。

Learning how to properly cite and reference material is of utmost importance to all academic disciplines. For those of you who have questions about how to construct a Bibliography, properly cite in text and any other citation and source formatting questions, please see the following excellent online resource - http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/

 学习如何正确引用和参考文献对所有学术学科都至关重要。如果您对如何构建参考文献列表、如何在正文中正确引用以及其他任何引用和来源格式问题有疑问，请参阅以下优秀的在线资源：http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/

Each in text citation must have both the authors name and page number of the specific material being referenced.  

 文中每一条引用都必须包含被引用文献的作者姓名和页码。

Outside Sources

When using external sources, please take the following things into consideration: Academic sources are the best and most useful sources for this essay. These sources are generally peer-reviewed to check for accuracy and strength of arguments; Most academic sources can be accessed using the libraries (via the BISON catalogue, or using the online databases). These are probably the best kinds of sources to use for your paper.

 外部资源 使用外部资源时，请注意以下事项：学术资源是撰写本文的最佳且最有用的资源。这些资源通常经过同行评审，以确保其准确性和论证的严谨性；大多数学术资源可以通过图书馆获取（通过BISON目录或在线数据库）。这些资源可能是您撰写论文的最佳选择。

You can also use newspapers or popular magazines such as Time, Newsweek¸ etc. although these are not peer-reviewed and are hence not academic sources. These may, however, provide you with a better sense of how a particular topic is being discussed in the mainstream media. 

 你也可以参考报纸或大众杂志，例如《时代周刊》、《新闻周刊》等等，尽管这些刊物未经同行评审，因此不属于学术来源。但是，它们或许能让你更好地了解主流媒体是如何讨论某个特定话题的。

While using web-sources, please verify them – check the date of publication and who the author is. Please read the following web-page on how to evaluate web sources: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/Evaluate.html

使用网络资源时，请务必核实其真实性——查看发布日期和作者信息。请阅读以下网页了解如何评估网络资源：http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet/Evaluate.html

In addition, here are some key things to keep in mind when evaluating a web source:

- Who’s the author? (Remember, author is not the same as webmaster) Does the author provide any contact information?

此外，评估网站资源时，还需注意以下几个关键点： - 作者是谁？（请注意，作者与网站管理员并非同一人）作者是否提供联系方式？

- Check if the document or the author is affiliated with a reputable institution. In general, websites ending with .edu or .gov can generally be trusted. When using documents from other organizations, check what the organizations’ platforms are. For example, information gathered from a white-supremacist organization such as the New Century Foundation is likely to be skewed and will not be acceptable for this paper. Try to find sources that are reasonably balanced and well researched.

 - 检查文档或作者是否隶属于信誉良好的机构。一般来说，以 .edu 或 .gov 结尾的网站通常比较可信。使用其他机构的文档时，请确认这些机构的平台。例如，从新世纪基金会等白人至上主义组织收集的信息很可能存在偏见，不适合用于本文。尽量寻找较为平衡且研究充分的信息来源。

- Examining the purpose of the source material can often allow you to check its validity and use for academic writing. What is the purpose of the document and why was it produced? Avoid opinion pieces or documents that provide statistics with no citations. If the document claims to be providing original research, check to see what the research criteria was and how the research was conducted. Always attempt to trace stats, claims and materials back to their original source.

 - 考察资料来源的目的通常有助于检验其有效性和学术写作适用性。这份文件的目的是什么？它为何而写？避免选择观点文章或没有引用来源的统计数据。如果文件声称提供了原创研究，请检查其研究标准和研究方法。务必尝试追溯统计数据、论断和材料的原始出处。

- When was the document produced? Last updated? If the document is older (more than 10 years) consider if it is worth referencing, or if a more recent source can be found.

 - 该文件是什么时候生成的？上次更新是什么时候？如果该文件较旧（超过 10 年），请考虑它是否值得引用，或者是否可以找到更新的来源。

- Look for the original source. If a document is citing information from, say, the New York Times, go to the NYT website and attempt to locate and cite the original source.

 - 查找原始出处。如果一份文件引用了例如《纽约时报》的信息，请访问《纽约时报》网站，尝试找到并引用原始出处。

- Avoid using political talking heads (such as Glen Beck or Keith Olbermann) as valid sources of information. You may use them to showcase how a certain issue is being discussed in the media or in the political sphere, but unless you can back whatever claims they are making by suitable evidence, don’t use them as reliable sources of information. 

 - 避免将政治评论员（例如格伦·贝克或基思·奥尔伯曼）作为有效的信息来源。你可以用他们来展示媒体或政治领域对某个问题的讨论方式，但除非你能用适当的证据支持他们提出的任何观点，否则不要将他们作为可靠的信息来源。

- YOU MAY NOT USE WIKIPEDIA AS A SOURCE FOR THIS OR ANY ACADEMIC PAPER

 - 您不得将维基百科用作本文或任何学术论文的参考资料。

Questions:

1) ”The American Dream that we were all raised on is a simple but powerful one – if you work hard and play by the rules you should be given a chance to go as far as your God-given ability will take you.“ – President Bill Clinton, 1993.

 题问：
1）“我们从小接受的美国梦简单而有力——只要你努力工作，遵守规则，就应该有机会发挥上帝赋予你的才能，走得更远。”——比尔·克林顿总统，1993年。

This is a chance to take a second look at the myth of the ”American Dream.“ In doing so, you must explore how access to the ”American Dream“ and oppression and privilege operate throughout society on an institutional level. What is your understanding of the American dream? Do you believe in it? Does the American dream apply to everyone regardless of their race, class, gender, sexual orientation, and ability? Do historical oppressions on the basis of belonging to a particular group have any impact on one’s ability to realize the American dream? Does the fact that we increasingly live in a post-industrial America where power and wealth is concentrated in the hands of a few have any impact? 
这是一个重新审视“美国梦”神话的机会。在审视的过程中，你必须探究“美国梦”的实现途径以及压迫和特权如何在社会制度层面运作。你对美国梦的理解是什么？你相信它吗？美国梦是否适用于所有人，无论其种族、阶级、性别、性取向和能力如何？历史上基于特定群体身份而遭受的压迫是否会对一个人实现美国梦的能力产生影响？我们日益生活在一个权力与财富集中在少数人手中的后工业化美国，这是否会产生影响？

Unlike the first essay, this essay should not simply explore the American Dream in relation to race. Rather, this time, you must explore how this myth operates in relation to multiple facets of our identities, including gender, sexuality, class and race. Also, address how many of the issues relating to race, class, gender, sexuality and ethnicity operate in conjunction with one another and affect ones ability to obtain the ”American Dream“. In this essay you must be specific and give several examples from several of the different topics we have covered this semester.
与第一篇论文不同，这篇论文不应仅仅探讨“美国梦”与种族的关系。相反，这次你必须探讨这一神话如何与我们身份认同的多个方面（包括性别、性取向、阶级和种族）相互关联。此外，还要阐述与种族、阶级、性别、性取向和族裔相关的诸多问题如何相互交织，并影响一个人实现“美国梦”的能力。在这篇论文中，你必须具体阐述，并从本学期我们讨论过的不同主题中举出几个例子。

Grading Scheme

Your essays will be graded according to the following criteria:
评分标准 您的论文将根据以下标准进行评分：

- Grammar, sentence structure, punctuation, use of appropriate and mature language
语法、句式结构、标点符号、使用恰当且成熟的语言

- Quality of general argument made, overall organization and development of ideas, usage of specific and relevant examples; presence of a clear Thesis statement as well as conclusion.

 - 论证的质量，整体的组织和思路发展，具体相关的例子的使用；是否存在清晰的论点陈述和结论。

- Accuracy of sources and citations

 (Please realize that bad grammar, poorly structured sentences, typos, as well as lack of appropriate sources and citations will affect the overall quality of your argument and will, thus, most likely reduce your overall grade).
- 资料来源和引用的准确性 （请注意，语法错误、句子结构混乱、拼写错误以及缺乏恰当的资料来源和引用都会影响您论证的整体质量，从而很可能会降低您的总分。）

A:  This is an excellent paper.  It exceeds the requirements of the assignment and goes above and beyond. It engages with ideas that are complex.  Your text unfolds like a story; you guide your reader through a narrative-like progression from one idea to the next.  The writing flows well from sentence to sentence and paragraph to paragraph.  Grammar is perfect.

答：这是一篇非常优秀的论文。它不仅完全符合作业要求，而且远超预期。论文探讨了一些复杂的概念。你的文章如同一个故事般娓娓道来，引导读者循序渐进地理解各个观点。行文流畅自然，句子之间、段落之间衔接自然。语法也无可挑剔。

B:  This is a good paper.  It fulfills the requirements of the assignment.  A ”B“ paper goes beyond merely summarizing material from the readings or class sessions.  It demonstrates analytical skills and goes beyond mere explanation or summary.  Most of the ideas in this paper are good.  Some ideas may even be great, but their support may need to be fuller in some areas.  Some transitions may be abrupt.  There may be some awkward sentences in this paper or some inconsistencies in tone.  A few spelling or grammatical errors are okay in a ”B“ paper.

B：这是一篇不错的论文，符合作业要求。一篇“B”级论文不仅仅是对阅读材料或课堂内容的简单总结，它展现了分析能力，并且超越了单纯的解释或概括。论文中的大部分观点都不错，有些观点甚至很棒，但某些方面的论证可能需要更充分。部分过渡可能略显生硬，文中可能存在一些语句不通顺或语气不一致的地方。对于一篇“B”级论文来说，出现一些拼写或语法错误是可以接受的。

C:  This is the most complicated type of paper.  This paper has a number of strengths, but it also has some obvious weaknesses.  A ”C“ paper will show a basic understanding of the expectations for the assignment even if they are not all fulfilled.  The most common problem is a paper that is overly explanatory rather than analytical.  Sometimes there may be analysis, but it needs to be more intellectually complex or is poorly defended.  There are some good ideas in this paper, but they tend to be haphazardly presented or unrelated to the analysis.  There may be lapses in logical reasoning.  The writing tends not to flow that smoothly from sentence to sentence or from paragraph to paragraph, and the wording may be awkward in many places.  Papers that merely summarize material from the readings or class sessions will receive a grade no higher than a ”C.“  A large number of spelling or grammatical errors will put a paper into this category, although some ”C“ papers can be grammatically sound.

 C级论文是最复杂的一种类型。这类论文有一些优点，但也存在一些明显的缺点。“C”级论文表明作者对作业要求有基本的理解，即使并非所有要求都完全满足。最常见的问题是论文过于解释性而缺乏分析性。有时论文中可能包含分析，但分析不够深入，或者论证不足。这类论文中可能有一些不错的想法，但这些想法往往杂乱无章，或者与分析主题无关。逻辑推理方面可能存在漏洞。文章的行文不够流畅，句子之间或段落之间衔接不够自然，措辞也常常显得生硬。仅仅总结阅读材料或课堂内容的论文最高只能获得“C”级。大量的拼写或语法错误也会使论文被归入此类，尽管有些“C”级论文的语法可能是正确的。

D:  A ”D“ paper has fewer strengths and a greater degree of weakness than a ”C“ paper.

 D：D 级论文的优点较少，缺点较多，而 C 级论文的优点较少。

F:  This is only for a paper that does not meet any of the requirements for the assignment.  ”F“ papers are very rare, and if you receive a grade of ”F,“ you are required to meet with me individually.

F：这仅适用于完全不符合作业要求的论文。“F”级论文非常罕见，如果您获得“F”级成绩，您必须单独与我面谈。